home / fivethirtyeight

Menu
  • GraphQL API

FiveThirtyEight's Election Deniers: fivethirtyeight_election_deniers.csv

Table actions
  • GraphQL API for election-deniers/fivethirtyeight_election_deniers

This directory contains data on the views of every Republican candidate for Senate, House, governor, attorney general and secretary of state running in the 2022 general election on the legitimacy of the 2020 election. It was used in the Sept. 6, 2022, FiveThirtyEight article “Where Candidates Who Deny The 2020 Election Results Are On The Ballot — And Where They Could Win.”

FiveThirtyEight drew on news reports, debate footage, campaign materials and social media and reached out to every nominee in an effort to classify them into one of six categories regarding their belief in the 2020 election’s legitimacy.

  • Candidates in the “Fully denied” category have explicitly said the 2020 election was illegitimate and/or took legal measures to try and overturn the election. Examples of the latter include members of Congress who voted against certifying election results or politicians who signed an amicus brief for a Texas lawsuit that challenged election results in four states President Biden won.
  • Candidates in the “Raised questions” category raised questions or concerns about the election but haven’t outright denied or affirmed it.
  • Candidates in the “Accepted with reservations” category have accepted Biden’s victory but have still raised questions or concerns about fraud.
  • Candidates in the “Fully accepted” category have accepted Biden’s victory without reservations.
  • Candidates in the “Avoided answering” category refused or avoided directly answering questions about the election (e.g., by changing the subject when asked about it).
  • Candidates in the “No comment” category have not made a public comment on the election (as far as we could tell) and did not respond to our inquiries on the topic.
Column Description
Candidate The name of the candidate in question.
Incumbent Whether the candidate was the incumbent.
State The state the candidate was running in.
Office The office the candidate was running for.
District The number of the congressional district the candidate was running for, if applicable.
Stance The candidate's stance on the legitimacy of the 2020 election.
Source The source from which FiveThirtyEight determined the candidate's stance.
URL The URL of the source website from which FiveThirtyEight determined the candidate’s stance, if available.
Note Whether the candidate changed his or her stance after their primary election.

Data license: CC Attribution 4.0 License · Data source: fivethirtyeight/data on GitHub · About: simonw/fivethirtyeight-datasette

552 rows

✎ View and edit SQL

This data as json, copyable, CSV (advanced)

Suggested facets: Incumbent, Office, Stance, Note

Link rowid ▼ Candidate Incumbent State Office District Stance Source URL Note
1 1 Katie Britt No Alabama Senator   Fully denied NBC News https://twitter.com/VaughnHillyard/status/1528918324192608257  
2 2 Jerry Carl Yes Alabama Representative 1 Fully denied Congressional roll call, Alabama Political Reporter https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
3 3 Barry Moore Yes Alabama Representative 2 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
4 4 Mike Rogers Yes Alabama Representative 3 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
5 5 Robert Aderholt Yes Alabama Representative 4 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
6 6 Dale Strong No Alabama Representative 5 Fully denied Facebook https://www.facebook.com/strongforalabama/posts/pfbid0Km4TZaJPUTYuSAnwLNeezfrQSaL3uCNDLhvWFwRkMDpKPByKPTXDFYEdvP2m1rvkl?__cft__[0]=AZVE-LgrXbka-w1K8Z5IBxGpBh61GPUdZxnovjIPky71lJcPQWMquAkzM7W8jVhSl7p6idLzrG9toCil8_CQJUa_1NsiaaLVvWTqhVnrllFsloNysJKgcXmgeC0g3E_M4nJnPgsbVJ4ATcVTKt3uUJsRCZRWe028wDT8sg4hQaIRJsMxEFe46wgxhd-UBLyMZ5OKiWp2sNUyyvnmr92-UpxH&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R  
7 7 Gary Palmer Yes Alabama Representative 6 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
8 8 Beatrice Nichols No Alabama Representative 7 Raised questions Email to FiveThirtyEight    
9 9 Kay Ivey Yes Alabama Governor   Fully denied Kay Ivey for Governor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztJw19j-CY  
10 10 Steve Marshall Yes Alabama Attorney general   Accepted with reservations HuffPost, Supreme Court amicus brief https://www.huffpost.com/entry/alabama-attorney-general-steve-marshall-biden-president_n_623c96f3e4b0f1e82c54e20b  
11 11 Wes Allen No Alabama Secretary of state   Raised questions AL.com https://www.al.com/news/2022/02/spotlight-shines-on-alabama-secretary-of-state-race-as-views-over-2020-election-and-trump-loom-large.html  
12 12 Kelly C. Tshibaka No Alaska Senator   Raised questions Anchorage Daily News https://www.adn.com/politics/2022/08/06/candidate-qa-us-senate-kelly-tshibaka/  
13 13 Lisa Murkowski Yes Alaska Senator   Fully accepted Congressional roll call https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1171/vote_117_1_00002.htm  
14 14 Nick Begich No Alaska Representative At-Large Accepted with reservations Email to FiveThirtyEight    
15 15 Sarah Palin No Alaska Representative At-Large Fully denied Alaska Beacon https://alaskabeacon.com/briefs/qa-with-2022-alaska-u-s-house-candidate-sarah-palin/  
16 16 Mike Dunleavy Yes Alaska Governor   Raised questions Dunleavy press https://archive.ph/uoMvf  
17 17 Blake Masters No Arizona Senator   Accepted with reservations Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/10/07/masters-kelly-arizona-debate/ Previously fully denied election
18 18 David Schweikert Yes Arizona Representative 1 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
19 19 Eli Crane No Arizona Representative 2 Fully denied Twitter, Washington Post https://archive.ph/temws  
20 20 Jeff Zink No Arizona Representative 3 Fully denied Email to FiveThirtyEight    
21 21 Kelly Cooper No Arizona Representative 4 Raised questions YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpMBfBswKWw  
22 22 Andy Biggs Yes Arizona Representative 5 Fully denied Washington Post, congressional roll call https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/07/13/houses-fringe-right-thinks-2000-mules-should-be-taken-seriously/  
23 23 Juan Ciscomani No Arizona Representative 6 No comment      
24 24 Luis Pozzolo No Arizona Representative 7 Raised questions Twitter https://archive.ph/8D5TQ  
25 25 Debbie Lesko Yes Arizona Representative 8 Fully denied Twitter, congressional roll call, Supreme Court amicus brief https://archive.ph/c5HxS  
26 26 Paul Gosar Yes Arizona Representative 9 Fully denied CNN, congressional roll call https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2021/09/27/keilar-paul-gosar-arizona-audit-roll-the-tape-newday-vpx.cnn  
27 27 Kari Lake No Arizona Governor   Fully denied Arizona PBS https://youtu.be/zgkoNLPIAc0?t=1054  
28 28 Abraham "Abe" Hamadeh No Arizona Attorney general   Fully denied Arizona Republic https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/politics/arizona/2022/05/11/arizona-attorney-general-republican-candidates-trump-endorsement-biden-win-election/7376314001/  
29 29 Mark Finchem No Arizona Secretary of state   Fully denied The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/21/mark-finchem-trump-arizona-elections-secretary-of-state  
30 30 John Boozman Yes Arkansas Senator   Fully accepted KATV (Little Rock, Ark.) https://katv.com/news/local/sen-john-boozman-wont-protest-electoral-vote-warns-against-undermining-constitution  
31 31 Rick Crawford Yes Arkansas Representative 1 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
32 32 French Hill Yes Arkansas Representative 2 Fully accepted Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
33 33 Steve Womack Yes Arkansas Representative 3 Fully accepted Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
34 34 Bruce Westerman Yes Arkansas Representative 4 Accepted with reservations Supreme Court amicus brief, congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
35 35 Sarah Huckabee Sanders No Arkansas Governor   Raised questions Arkansas Democrat-Gazette https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2022/may/01/in-race-for-arkansas-governor-gop-hopefuls-differ/  
36 36 Tim Griffin No Arkansas Attorney general   No comment      
37 37 John Thurston Yes Arkansas Secretary of state   Avoided answering Arkansas Democrat-Gazette https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2021/aug/21/tab-for-travel-to-sd-paid-by-state/  
38 38 Mark P. Meuser No California Senator   Raised questions Email to FiveThirtyEight    
39 39 Doug LaMalfa Yes California Representative 1 Fully denied Redding Record Searchlight, congressional roll call https://www.redding.com/story/news/2020/11/12/lamalfa-chastised-over-comments-social-media-posts-election/6254041002/  
40 40 Douglas Brower No California Representative 2 No comment      
41 41 Kevin Kiley No California Representative 3 Raised questions Sacramento Bee https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/election/california-elections/article261997845.html  
42 42 Matt Brock No California Representative 4 No comment      
43 43 Tom McClintock Yes California Representative 5 Accepted with reservations Facebook https://archive.ph/Sqt3P  
44 44 Tamika Hamilton No California Representative 6 Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
45 45 Max Semenenko No California Representative 7 Fully accepted The Sacto Politico https://www.sactopolitico.com/post/q-a-max-semenenko-ca-7  
46 46 Rudy Recile No California Representative 8 No comment      
47 47 Tom Patti No California Representative 9 No comment      
48 48 John Dennis No California Representative 11 Fully denied Twitter https://archive.ph/9pNjh  
49 49 Stephen Slauson No California Representative 12 Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
50 50 John Duarte No California Representative 13 No comment      
51 51 Alison Hayden No California Representative 14 Fully denied Twitter, email to FiveThirtyEight https://archive.ph/Ca6KI  
52 52 Ritesh Tandon No California Representative 17 Accepted with reservations Email to FiveThirtyEight   Previously raised questions
53 53 Peter Hernandez No California Representative 18 No comment      
54 54 Jeff Gorman No California Representative 19 No comment      
55 55 Kevin McCarthy Yes California Representative 20 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202110?Date=01%2F06%2F2021  
56 56 Michael Maher No California Representative 21 No comment      
57 57 David G. Valadao Yes California Representative 22 Fully accepted Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202110?Date=01%2F06%2F2021  
58 58 Jay Obernolte Yes California Representative 23 Accepted with reservations Obernolte press, email to FiveThirtyEight https://obernolte.house.gov/media/press-releases/rep-obernolte-statement-impeachment-vote  
59 59 Brad Allen No California Representative 24 No comment      
60 60 Brian E. Hawkins No California Representative 25 Accepted with reservations Email to FiveThirtyEight    
61 61 Matt Jacobs No California Representative 26 No comment      
62 62 Mike Garcia Yes California Representative 27 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202110?Date=01%2F06%2F2021  
63 63 Wes Hallman No California Representative 28 Accepted with reservations Email to FiveThirtyEight    
64 64 Daniel Bocic Martinez No California Representative 31 No comment      
65 65 Lucie Lapointe Volotzky No California Representative 32 No comment      
66 66 John Mark Porter No California Representative 33 Accepted with reservations Email to FiveThirtyEight    
67 67 Mike Cargile No California Representative 35 Fully denied Email to FiveThirtyEight https://archive.ph/AvXVR  
68 68 Joe E. Collins III No California Representative 36 Fully denied Facts with Fiona podcast https://anchor.fm/factswithfiona/episodes/Episode-8-Meet-California-Congressional-Candidate-Joe-Collins-e1jd8o9  
69 69 Eric J. Ching No California Representative 38 Fully denied Orange County Register https://www.ocregister.com/2022/04/18/elections-2022-get-to-know-rep-linda-sanchez-two-more-candidates-in-38th-district-race/  
70 70 Aja Smith No California Representative 39 Fully denied California Globe https://californiaglobe.com/articles/californians-challenge-bidens-55-electoral-votes-in-court/  
71 71 Young Kim Yes California Representative 40 Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
72 72 Ken Calvert Yes California Representative 41 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202110?Date=01%2F06%2F2021  
73 73 John Briscoe No California Representative 42 Fully denied Twitter https://twitter.com/johnfbriscoe/status/1345808626062041089  
74 74 Omar Navarro No California Representative 43 Fully denied Email to FiveThirtyEight    
75 75 Paul Jones No California Representative 44 Avoided answering Email to FiveThirtyEight    
76 76 Michelle Steel Yes California Representative 45 No comment      
77 77 Christopher J. Gonzales No California Representative 46 No comment      
78 78 Scott Baugh No California Representative 47 Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
79 79 Darrell Issa Yes California Representative 48 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202110?Date=01%2F06%2F2021  
80 80 Brian Maryott No California Representative 49 Fully accepted San Diego Union-Tribune https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/opinion/commentary/story/2022-08-15/opinion-nov-2022-election-q-a-with-brian-maryott-49th-congressional-district-candidate  
81 81 Corey Gustafson No California Representative 50 No comment      
82 82 Stan Caplan No California Representative 51 No comment No    
83 83 Tyler Geffeney No California Representative 52 No comment San Diego Union-Tribune https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/opinion/story/2022-04-29/2022-election-q-a-with-tyler-geffeney-52nd-congressional-district-candidate  
84 84 Brian Dahle No California Governor   Fully accepted Los Angeles Times https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-05-16/california-republican-brian-dahle-campaign-for-governor  
85 85 Nathan Hochman No California Attorney general   No comment      
86 86 Rob Bernosky No California Secretary of state   Fully accepted SFGATE https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Stop-the-Steal-enthusiast-running-17080864.php  
87 87 Joe O'Dea No Colorado Senator   Fully accepted Colorado Sun https://coloradosun.com/2022/06/01/ron-hanks-joe-odea-senate-race-issues/  
88 88 Jennifer Qualteri No Colorado Representative 1 Fully denied Email to FiveThirtyEight    
89 89 Marshall Dawson No Colorado Representative 2 No comment      
90 90 Lauren Boebert Yes Colorado Representative 3 Fully denied Denver Post, congressional roll call https://www.denverpost.com/2020/12/01/lauren-beobert-election-2020-donald-trump/  
91 91 Ken Buck Yes Colorado Representative 4 Accepted with reservations Supreme Court amicus brief, congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202110?Date=01%2F06%2F2021  
92 92 Doug Lamborn Yes Colorado Representative 5 Fully denied Congressional roll call https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/202111?Date=01%2F07%2F2021  
93 93 Steven Monahan No Colorado Representative 6 Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
94 94 Erik Aadland No Colorado Representative 7 Fully denied FiveThirtyEight https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/this-candidate-thinks-the-2020-election-was-illegitimate-but-hed-rather-you-didnt-know-that/  
95 95 Barbara Kirkmeyer No Colorado Representative 8 Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
96 96 Heidi Ganahl No Colorado Governor   Fully accepted Colorado Public Radio https://www.cpr.org/2022/06/20/heidi-ganahl-is-some-republicans-latest-hope-for-colorado-can-she-get-past-the-primary/  
97 97 John Kellner No Colorado Attorney general   Fully accepted Colorado Public Radio https://www.cpr.org/2022/08/10/attorney-general-republican-candidate-john-kellner-interview/  
98 98 Pam Anderson No Colorado Secretary of state   Fully accepted Email to FiveThirtyEight    
99 99 Leora R. Levy No Connecticut Senator   Raised questions Campaign video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmrGaOb1bjM&t=14s  
100 100 Larry Lazor No Connecticut Representative 1 Fully accepted Twitter https://archive.ph/hZc9B  

Next page

Advanced export

JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited

CSV options:

CREATE TABLE "election-deniers/fivethirtyeight_election_deniers" (
"Candidate" TEXT,
  "Incumbent" TEXT,
  "State" TEXT,
  "Office" TEXT,
  "District" TEXT,
  "Stance" TEXT,
  "Source" TEXT,
  "URL" TEXT,
  "Note" TEXT
);
Powered by Datasette · Queries took 60.46ms · Data license: CC Attribution 4.0 License · Data source: fivethirtyeight/data on GitHub · About: simonw/fivethirtyeight-datasette